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Everything you need to know about the big day.
The Wedding of His Royal Highness Prince William of Wales, KG with Miss Catherine Middleton*
The Service
The marriage of Prince William and Miss Catherine Middleton will take place at Westminster Abbey on Friday 29th April 2011. The Dean of Westminster will conduct the service, the Archbishop of Canterbury will marry Prince William and Miss Middleton, and the Bishop of London will give the address.
Timings
8.00 -10.00am, Main congregation arrive
After 10.00am, Foreign Dignitaries and Royal Families arrive. The British Royal Family are – as protocol always dictates – the last to arrive, just ahead of the Bride.
11.00am, Bride arrives, and the service starts
12.15pm, Service ends and Carriage Processions begin
1.25pm, Balcony appearance
1.30pm, Fly Past
Members of the Wedding Party
Miss Philippa Middleton, Miss Catherine Middleton’s sister, will be her Maid of Honour.
Prince Harry will be Prince William’s Best Man.
The Bridesmaids and Page Boys will be:
The Lady Louise Windsor, aged 7 – daughter of The Earl and Countess of Wessex; first cousin of Prince William.
The Hon. Margarita Armstrong-Jones, aged 8 Рdaughter of Viscount and Viscountess Linley (n̩e The Hon. Serena Stanhope); second cousin of Prince William.
Miss Grace van Cutsem, aged 3 Рdaughter of Mr. and Mrs. Hugh van Cutsem (n̩e Rose Astor); goddaughter of Prince William.
Miss Eliza Lopes, aged 3 Рdaughter of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Lopes (n̩e Laura Parker Bowles); granddaughter of The Duchess of Cornwall.
Master William (Billy) Lowther-Pinkerton, aged 10 – son of Mr. and Mrs. Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton (née Susannah Richards); no relation; son of Prince William and Prince Harry’s Private Secretary.
Master Tom Pettifer, aged 8 Рson of Mr. and Mrs. Charles Pettifer (n̩e Alexandra [Tiggy] Legge-Bourke); godson of Prince William.
Receptions
The Queen will give a lunchtime Reception at Buckingham Palace. It will be a private gathering for guests drawn from the congregation who will represent the couple’s official and private lives. During the Reception the couple will appear on the Buckingham Palace Balcony. The Reception is expected to finish mid-afternoon. Guests will be served with canapés at the Reception. In the evening, The Prince of Wales will give a private dinner, followed by dancing, at Buckingham Palace for the couple and their close friends and family. Prince William and Miss Middleton are immensely grateful to both The Queen and The Prince of Wales for hosting these events.
* Details as released by St James’s Palace (11 April 2011)
Friday 29 April 2011 has been declared a Royal Bank Holiday.
The Route
The route between Buckingham Palace and Westminster Abbey goes by The Mall, Horse Guards Road, Horse Guards Parade, through Horse Guards Arch, Whitehall, Parliament Square (the south side) and Broad Sanctuary.
Prince William is expected to travel from Clarence House to Westminster Abbey just after 10am, accompanied by his best man Prince Harry, in a Bentley.
The wedding route
Catherine Middleton is expected to travel from The Goring Hotel to Westminster Abbey just before 11am, accompanied by her father and bridesmaids, in a Rolls Royce.
After the Service Prince William and his new bride will leave Westminster Abbey at 12.15pm in an open 1902 State Landau Carriage, or in the event of wet weather they will travel in the Glass Coach. They will proceed down The Mall to Buckingham Palace.
More than 1,000 military personnel will line the route and, it is estimated that millions of people will line the streets to catch a glimpse of the happy couple.
Raden Ayu Kartini, (21 April 1879 – 17 September 1904), or sometimes known as Raden Ajeng Kartini, was a prominent Javanese and an Indonesiannational heroine. Kartini is known as a pioneer in the area of women's rights for native Indonesians.
In her letters, Kartini wrote about her views of the social conditions prevailing at that time, particularly the condition of native Indonesian women. The majority of her letters protest the tendency of Javanese Culture to impose obstacles for the development of women. She wanted women to have the freedom to learn and study. Kartini wrote of her ideas and ambitions, including Zelf-ontwikkeling, Zelf-onderricht, Zelf-vertrouwen, Zelf-werkzaamheid and Solidariteit. These ideas were all based on Religieusiteit, Wijsheid en Schoonheid, that is, belief in God, wisdom, and beauty, along withHumanitarianisme (humanitarianism) and Nationalisme (nationalism).
After Kartini died, Mr J. H. Abendanon, the Minister for Culture, Religion and Industry in the East Indies, collected and published the letters that Kartini had sent to her friends in Europe. The book was titled Door Duisternis tot Licht (Out of Dark Comes Light) and was published in 1911. It went through five editions, with some additional letters included in the final edition, and was translated into English by Agnes L. Symmers and published under the title Letters of a Javanese Princess.
The publication of Kartini's letters, written by a native Javanese woman, attracted great interest in the Netherlands and Kartini's ideas began to change the way the Dutch viewed native women in Java. Her ideas also provided inspiration for prominent figures in the fight for Independence.
There are some grounds for doubting the veracity of Kartini's letters. There are allegations that Abendanon made up Kartini's letters. These suspicions arose because Kartini's book was published at a time when the Dutch Colonial Government were implementing 'Ethical Policies' in the Dutch East Indies, and Abendanon was one of the most prominent supporters of this policy. The current whereabouts of the vast majority of Kartini's letters is unknown. According to the late Sulastin Sutrisno, the Dutch Government has been unable to track down J. H. Abendanon's descendants.
Kartini's letters also expressed her hopes for support from overseas. In her correspondence with Estell "Stella" Zeehandelaar, Kartini expressed her desire to be like a European youth. She depicted the sufferings of Javanese women fettered by tradition, unable to study, secluded, and who must be prepared to participate in polygamous marriages with men they don't know.
artini loved her father deeply although it is clear that her deep affection for him became yet another obstacle to the realisation of her ambitions. He was sufficiently progressive to allow his daughters schooling until the age of 12 but at that point the door to further schooling was firmly closed. In his letters, her father also expressed his affection for Kartini. Eventually, he gave permission for Kartini to study to become a teacher in Batavia (now Jakarta), although previously he had prevented her from continuing her studies in the Netherlands or entering medical school in Batavia.
Kartini's desire to continue her studies in Europe was also expressed in her letters. Several of her pen friends worked on her behalf to support Kartini in this endeavour. And when finally Kartini's ambition was thwarted, many of her friends expressed their disappointment. In the end her plans to study in the Netherlands were transmuted into plans to journey to Batavia on the advice of Mrs. Abendanon that this would be best for Kartini and her younger sister, Rukmini.
Nevertheless, in 1903 at the age of 24, her plans to study to become a teacher in Batavia came to nothing. In a letter to Mrs. Abendanon, Kartini wrote that the plan had been abandoned because she was going to be married... "In short, I no longer desire to take advantage of this opportunity, because I am to be married..". This was despite the fact that for its part, the Dutch Education Department had finally given permission for Kartini and Rukmini to study in Batavia.
